EU AI Act Article 53: GPAI Provider Obligations Explained

The EU AI Act Article 53 requires GPAI providers to submit technical documentation, risk assessments, and adversarial testing by August 2026. This article specifically targets foundation model providers and imposes four main requirements: technical documentation, instructions for use, cooperation with the AI Office, and transparency obligations. If non-compliant, providers face penalties of up to €15 million or 3% of global annual turnover. To comply, providers must prepare and maintain documentation on model architecture, training data, compute resources, and capabilities, as well as risk mitigation measures.